Space Weather Observations, Alerts, and Forecast

 Space Weather Observations, Alerts, and Forecast


( Latest Alert ) - N/A - Read More
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Geomagnetic Field 24-hr max Current Geomagnetic Field
Kp=1 - Quiet
Kp=0 - Quiet
Solar X-rays Alert 24-hr max Solar X-rays Alert 2-hr max
A8.43 - Normal
A7.72 - Normal
Solar X-rays Last Event max Current Solar X-rays Alert
Standby - New Event
A0.10 - Normal
Current Solar Wind Density Current Solar Wind Speed
7.46 protons/cm3
308 km/sec - Calm
Strength of the IMF (Bt) PRI >10MeV Solar P. 24hr max
5.39 (Bt) - Normal
Missing Data




  Solar activity report




There's something on the wing Solar Flares, Sun spots
Joint USAF/NOAA Solar Geophysical Activity Report and Forecast
SDF Number 149 Issued at 2200Z on 28 May 2020
IA. Analysis of Solar Active Regions and Activity from 27/2100Z to 28/2100Z:
Solar activity has been at very low levels for the past 24 hours. There are currently 0 numbered sunspot regions on the disk.
IB. Solar Activity Forecast
Solar activity is expected to be very low on days one, two, and three (29 May, 30 May, 31 May).
IIA. Geophysical Activity Summary 27/2100Z to 28/2100Z
The geomagnetic field has been at quiet levels for the past 24 hours. Solar wind speed reached a peak of 317 km/s at 28/1058Z. Total IMF reached 5 nT at 28/1946Z. The maximum southward component of Bz reached -4 nT at 28/1225Z. Electrons greater than 2 MeV at geosynchronous orbit reached a peak level of 197 pfu.
IIB. Geophysical Activity Forecast
The geomagnetic field is expected to be at quiet to unsettled levels on days one, two, and three (29 May, 30 May, 31 May).

3-day Solar-Geophysical Forecast


Product: 3-Day Forecast - Issued: 2020 May 29 1230 UTC
Prepared by the U.S. Dept. of Commerce, NOAA, Space Weather Prediction Center.

CURRENT TIME
(based on your computer's time):   UTC..
Local

Geomagnetic Activity Observation and Forecast

The greatest observed 3 hr Kp over the past 24 hours was 1 (below NOAA Scale levels). The greatest expected 3 hr Kp for May 29-May 31 2020 is 3 (below NOAA Scale levels).

NOAA Kp index breakdown May 29 to May 31 2020
May 29 May 30 May 31
Forecast High  
3
3
3
00-03UT 1 2 3
03-06UT 0 3 3
06-09UT 1 2 2
09-12UT 0 1 2
12-15UT 1 2 2
15-18UT 1 2 2
18-21UT 2 2 2
21-00UT 3 3 2
Past 24 Hour Planetary Kp Now
1
1
1
0
1
0
1
0
Geomagnetic Activity Probabilities For - May 29 to May 31
Middle Latitudes 0-24 hr 24-48 hr 48-72 hr
Active 10% 10% 10%
Minor Storm 1% 1% 1%
Major-severe storm 1% 1% 1%
High Latitudes 0-24 hr 24-48 hr 48-72 hr
Active 15% 15% 15%
Minor Storm 25% 25% 25%
Major-severe storm 20% 20% 20%

Rationale: No G1 (Minor) or greater geomagnetic storms are expected. No significant transient or recurrent solar wind features are forecast.

Solar Radiation Activity Observation and Forecast

Solar radiation, as observed by NOAA GOES-16 over the past 24 hours, was below S-scale storm level thresholds.

Solar Radiation Storm Forecast for May 29 to May 31 2020
May 29 May 30 May 31
S1 or greater 1% 1% 1%

Rationale: No S1 (Minor) or greater solar radiation storms are expected. No significant active region activity favorable for radiation storm production is forecast.

Radio Blackout Activity and Forecast

Radio blackouts reaching the R1 levels were observed over the past 24 hours. The largest was at May 29 2020 0724 UTC.

Radio Blackout Forecast for May 29 to May 31 2020
May 29 May 30 May 31
R1-R2 15% 15% 15%
R3 or greater 1% 1% 1%

Rationale: There is a slight chance for R1-R2 (Minor-Moderate) radio blackouts on 29-31 May due to flare activity associated with a region rotating around the NE limb near N35.



3-day Solar-Geophysical Forecast


Product: 27 day Space Weather Outlook - Issued: 2020 May 25 0124 UTC

Radio Flux
10.7 cm		 Planetary
A Index		 Largest
Kp Index
2020 May 25 70 5 2
2020 May 26 70 5 2
2020 May 27 70 5 2
2020 May 28 70 5 2
2020 May 29 70 5 2
2020 May 30 70 5 2
2020 May 31 70 5 2
2020 Jun 01 70 5 2
2020 Jun 02 70 5 2
2020 Jun 03 70 5 2
2020 Jun 04 70 5 2
2020 Jun 05 70 5 2
2020 Jun 06 70 5 2
2020 Jun 07 70 5 2
2020 Jun 08 70 5 2
2020 Jun 09 70 5 2
2020 Jun 10 70 5 2
2020 Jun 11 70 5 2
2020 Jun 12 70 5 2
2020 Jun 13 70 5 2
2020 Jun 14 70 5 2
2020 Jun 15 70 5 2
2020 Jun 16 70 5 2
2020 Jun 17 70 5 2
2020 Jun 18 70 5 2
2020 Jun 19 70 5 2



Real Time Solar X-ray and Solar Wind


Solar X-rays Flux 10.7 cm A Index Kp Index
Current A0.10 68 4 0

Solar X-ray Flux
 Satellite Environment Plot
Graph showing Real-Time Solar X-ray Flux Graph showing Real-Time Satellite Environment Plot
This plot shows 3-days of 5-minute solar x-ray flux values measured on the SWPC primary and secondary GOES satellites. The Satellite Environment Plot combines satellite and ground-based data to provide an overview of the current geosynchronous satellite environment.

SolarWind Speed Density Bt Bz
Current 308 km/sec 7.46 p/cm3 Bt 5.39 nT Bz 3.67 nT

Graph - Solar Wind Speed & Temp - Past 24hrs Graph - Solar Wind Density - Past 24hrs
Graph - Strength of the IMF (Bt) Past 24hrs Graph - Direction of the IMF (Bz) Past 24hrs

Graph - Solar Wind, (Bz), (Bt) - Past 12hrs

Latest LASCO Solar Corona
 Real-Time Solar Wind
Graph showing current solar cycle progression (click to enlarge) Graph showing Real-Time Solar Wind
Large Angle and Spectrometric Coronagraph (LASCO). Real-Time Solar Wind data broadcast from NASA's ACE satellite.

Auroral Activity Extrapolated from NOAA POES


Northern Hemi Auroral Map
 Southern Hemi Auroral Map
Current Northern hemispheric power input map (click to enlarge) Current Southern hemispheric power input map

Instruments on board the NOAA Polar-orbiting Operational Environmental Satellite (POES) continually monitor the power flux carried by the protons and electrons that produce aurora in the atmosphere. SWPC has developed a technique that uses the power flux observations obtained during a single pass of the satellite over a polar region (which takes about 25 minutes) to estimate the total power deposited in an entire polar region by these auroral particles. The power input estimate is converted to an auroral activity index that ranges from 1 to 10.

Real Time Images of the Sun


SDO AIA 0171
 SDO AIA 0193
 SDO MDI Sun Spots
Latest SDO AIA 0171 Latest SDO AIA 0193 Latest SDO HMI Sun Spots
SDO AIA 304
 SDO AIA 304 211 171
 SDO AIA 211
Latest SDO AIA 304 Latest SDO AIA 304 211 171 image of the sun Latest SDO AIA 211

The sun is constantly monitored for sun spots and coronal mass ejections. EIT (Extreme ultraviolet Imaging Telescope) images the solar atmosphere at several wavelengths, and therefore, shows solar material at different temperatures. In the images taken at 304 Angstrom the bright material is at 60,000 to 80,000 degrees Kelvin. In those taken at 171 Angstrom, at 1 million degrees. 195 Angstrom images correspond to about 1.5 million Kelvin, 284 Angstrom to 2 million degrees. The hotter the temperature, the higher you look in the solar atmosphere.
Solar Data - Issued: 2025 UTC - 29 May 2020 - Yesterday's Sun Spots (0)
Sunspots last 30 days

Radio Frequency Propagation


VHF and HF Band Conditions

Current HF Propagation Conditions (click to enlarge)
Optimum HF Frequencies for Distant Communications Ionopheric Propagation


Solar Cycle


Sun Spot Number Progression
 F10.7cm Radio Flux Progression
Graph showing Sun Spot Number Progression Graph showing F10.7cm Radio Flux Progression
This plot shows the Solar Cycle Sun Spot Number Progression. This plot shows the F10.7cm Radio Flux Progression.

Ap Progression
 Sunspot Cycle 22, 23, and 24
This plot shows the Solar Cycle Ap Progression Sunspot Cycle 22, 23, and 24
This plot shows the Solar Cycle Ap Progression. Sunspot Cycle 22, 23, and 24

The Solar Cycle is observed by counting the frequency and placement of sunspots visible on the Sun. Solar minimum occurred in December, 2008.
Solar maximum was expected to occur in May, 2013.


Near Earth Asteroids Near Earth Asteroids


Potentially Hazardous  Asteroids (PHAs) are space rocks larger than approximately 100m that can come closer to Earth than 0.05 AU. None of the known PHAs is on a collision course with our planet, although astronomers are finding new ones all the time.
On May 29, 2020 there were 2037 potentially hazardous asteroids.
Recent & Upcoming Earth-asteroid encounters:
 Asteroid
Date (UT)
Miss Distance
Velocity (km/s)
Diameter (m)
2020 KU
2020-May-23
1 LD
7.1
7
2020 JR1
2020-May-23
3.8 LD
6.2
10
2020 KJ
2020-May-23
9 LD
15.7
44
2020 JX
2020-May-23
19.5 LD
8
62
2020 KQ4
2020-May-24
4.8 LD
4.6
19
2020 KX
2020-May-24
12.3 LD
7.4
20
2020 JZ1
2020-May-24
11.7 LD
5.7
25
2020 KZ2
2020-May-25
9.2 LD
3.7
10
2020 KU2
2020-May-25
9.5 LD
13.7
24
2020 KP3
2020-May-25
3.7 LD
7.8
24
2020 KY4
2020-May-26
4.2 LD
6.7
14
2020 JP2
2020-May-27
11.6 LD
8.6
18
2020 KJ3
2020-May-27
7.8 LD
10.1
23
2020 JN3
2020-May-27
4.3 LD
5.8
12
2020 KV
2020-May-28
7.2 LD
12.7
36
2020 KM4
2020-May-28
2.4 LD
5.5
9
2020 KW4
2020-May-28
4.2 LD
12
19
2020 KF5
2020-May-28
0.6 LD
10.9
5
2020 KJ4
2020-May-28
0.4 LD
4.9
4
2020 JM1
2020-May-28
9.5 LD
5.8
21
2020 JV2
2020-May-29
9.2 LD
11.5
26
2020 KB
2020-May-29
7.5 LD
12.2
39
2020 KD3
2020-May-29
7.9 LD
7.4
19
2020 KU1
2020-May-29
15.4 LD
12.4
44
2020 KV1
2020-May-29
10.1 LD
4.7
21
2020 KC5
2020-May-29
1 LD
9.2
12
2020 KO4
2020-May-29
1.6 LD
10.9
14
2020 KW5
2020-May-31
6.3 LD
19.3
19
2020 KZ4
2020-May-31
8.5 LD
6.5
18
2020 KN2
2020-Jun-02
5.8 LD
8.4
18
2020 KD4
2020-Jun-02
10.5 LD
5.2
22
2020 KF
2020-Jun-02
12.1 LD
10.8
26
2020 KJ1
2020-Jun-02
5.5 LD
5.1
19
2020 KE4
2020-Jun-03
7.7 LD
9.1
31
2020 KN5
2020-Jun-04
16.2 LD
12.7
32
2020 KA6
2020-Jun-05
11.7 LD
11.6
16
163348
2020-Jun-06
13.3 LD
11.1
339
2020 KO1
2020-Jun-06
15.5 LD
7.3
35
2020 KQ1
2020-Jun-06
13.4 LD
14.9
50
2020 KK3
2020-Jun-07
17.8 LD
11.9
30
2013 XA22
2020-Jun-08
7.6 LD
6.7
98
2020 KZ3
2020-Jun-08
3.2 LD
6
21
2020 KY
2020-Jun-10
17.3 LD
2.4
21
2020 JQ2
2020-Jun-11
15.2 LD
4.5
24
2020 JS1
2020-Jun-11
9.9 LD
5
19
2020 JU1
2020-Jun-13
19 LD
6.6
48
2020 KB3
2020-Jun-13
3.2 LD
7.5
46
2017 MF7
2020-Jun-14
3.7 LD
10.9
23
2020 JU3
2020-Jun-17
6.9 LD
10.9
55
2020 KF3
2020-Jun-17
12.5 LD
3.5
14
2018 PD22
2020-Jun-19
17.2 LD
14.6
56
2020 KR1
2020-Jun-22
11.6 LD
6.8
42
441987
2020-Jun-24
9.8 LD
12.9
186
2017 FW128
2020-Jun-25
6.9 LD
5.4
11
2020 JX1
2020-Jun-29
3.3 LD
5
59
2019 AC3
2020-Jul-01
10.5 LD
3.4
12
2007 UN12
2020-Jul-04
16.7 LD
2.9
6
2009 OS5
2020-Jul-13
17.6 LD
2.6
45
2016 DY30
2020-Jul-19
9 LD
15.1
3
2002 BF25
2020-Jul-21
9.4 LD
6.8
129

Notes: LD means "Lunar Distance." 1 LD = 384,401 km, the distance between Earth and the Moon. 1 LD also equals 0.00256 AU. MAG is the visual magnitude of the asteroid on the date of closest approach.
   Source: Space Weather.com

 Astronomy Picture of the Day


Mercury Meets Crescent Venus
Mercury Meets Crescent Venus
2020 May 29

Explanation: That's not a bright star and crescent Moon caught between branches of a eucalyptus tree. It's Venus in a crescent phase and Mercury. Near the western horizon after sunset, the two inner planets closely shared this telescopic field of view on May 22, seen from a balcony in Civitavecchia, Italy. Venus, the very bright celestial beacon, is wandering lower into the evening twilight. It grows larger in apparent size and shows a thinner crescent as it heads toward its inferior conjunction, positioned between Earth and Sun on June 3. Mercury, in a fuller phase, is climbing in the western sky though, reaching its maximum angular distance from the Sun on June 4 Still, this remarkably close pairing with brilliant Venus made Mercury, usually lost in bright twilight skies, easier to spot from planet Earth.

  High Resolution Image
Tomorrow’s Image: light-weekend
Credit & Copyright: Marco Meniero
 Courtesy of Astronomy Picture of the Day Index - Main Page & Astronomy Picture of the Day

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